Dr. Maria Menucci, MDEndocrinology · Diabetes · Thyroid
Conditions

Conditions treated

An overview of the hormone and metabolic conditions Dr. Menucci evaluates and treats, in plain language.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Maria B. Menucci, MD, Endocrinologist Last updated October 9, 2026 Sources cited Editorial policy

Diabetes & prediabetes

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, insulin resistance and less common forms such as monogenic diabetes.

Diabetes care is about more than one number. Visits look at your glucose data, medicines, heart and kidney health, eyes and feet, and what is realistic for your daily life. Prediabetes (an A1C of 5.7%–6.4%) is a chance to lower your risk before diabetes develops.1

Goals are set together. For many non-pregnant adults, the ADA suggests an A1C below 7% when it can be reached safely, and CGM users often aim for more than 70% time in range.2

  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Prediabetes
  • Insulin resistance
  • Monogenic diabetes
  • Low blood sugar

Diabetes technology

Continuous glucose monitors, insulin pumps and automated insulin delivery systems.

The ADA's 2026 Standards recommend offering CGM at diagnosis or any time afterward to people who may benefit, not only insulin users.3 Capital Diabetes & Endocrine Associates states it works with all insulin pumps and CGMs, and lists Eversense implantable CGM placement at its Silver Spring office.

  • CGM setup & review
  • Insulin pumps
  • Automated insulin delivery
  • Implantable CGM (Silver Spring)

Thyroid disease

Underactive and overactive thyroid, thyroid nodules, goiter and thyroid conditions in pregnancy planning.

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) is commonly treated with levothyroxine, adjusted using TSH blood tests.4 Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), such as from Graves' disease or toxic nodules, has several treatment options, including medicine, radioactive iodine or surgery.5 Nodules are evaluated with blood tests and ultrasound, and some need a fine-needle aspiration.6

  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hyperthyroidism & Graves' disease
  • Hashimoto's thyroiditis
  • Thyroid nodules & goiter

Osteoporosis & bone health

Low bone density, osteoporosis, fracture-risk assessment and long-term bone care.

Osteoporosis care starts with understanding your fracture risk, looking for causes that can be treated, and choosing a plan that fits you, which may include medicine, exercise, fall prevention, calcium and vitamin D.78

  • Osteoporosis
  • Low bone mass (osteopenia)
  • Steroid-related bone loss
  • Fracture-risk review

Parathyroid & calcium disorders

High or low calcium levels, primary hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D-related problems.

High calcium is often found on routine blood work. A common cause is primary hyperparathyroidism, where one or more parathyroid glands make too much parathyroid hormone. Evaluation usually includes calcium, PTH, vitamin D and kidney tests, plus a look at bone density and kidney stones.9

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • High or low calcium
  • Vitamin D deficiency

Adrenal disorders

Adrenal nodules found on imaging, primary aldosteronism and other adrenal hormone problems.

Adrenal nodules are often found by chance on a CT scan. Guidelines recommend checking whether they make extra hormones and reviewing their imaging features.10 A 2025 Endocrine Society guideline suggests screening all people with high blood pressure for primary aldosteronism, a hormonal cause of hypertension.11

  • Adrenal nodules (incidentalomas)
  • Primary aldosteronism
  • Cortisol excess or deficiency

Pituitary disorders

Pituitary nodules or adenomas, high prolactin and pituitary hormone problems.

The pituitary is a small gland at the base of the brain that directs many other glands. Problems can include high prolactin (which may affect periods, fertility or libido) and pituitary adenomas found on imaging. Care involves hormone testing, imaging and, often, coordination with neurosurgery or eye specialists.12

  • High prolactin
  • Pituitary adenomas
  • Pituitary hormone deficiencies

PCOS & women's hormone health

Polycystic ovary syndrome, irregular cycles, excess hair growth (hirsutism) and menopause-related questions.

PCOS is a common hormone condition that can affect periods, hair and skin, weight, mood and long-term metabolic health. The 2023 international PCOS guideline emphasizes a clear diagnosis, screening for related conditions such as diabetes, and a plan based on your goals.13

  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  • Hirsutism
  • Menopause questions

Men's hormone health

Low testosterone (hypogonadism) and hormone-related fertility questions.

Low testosterone is diagnosed with symptoms plus repeat morning blood tests. The Endocrine Society guideline stresses confirming the diagnosis and finding the cause before starting treatment, and discussing fertility plans first, because testosterone therapy can lower sperm production.14

  • Hypogonadism (low testosterone)
  • Hormone-related infertility

Weight & metabolism

Weight-related metabolic health, offered through the practice's medical weight-management program.

Capital Diabetes & Endocrine Associates runs the Capital Health and Metabolic Center, a weight-management program with CornerstoneWellnessMD. The practice describes a team approach built on nutrition, physical activity, behavior and medicines.

  • Medical weight management
  • Insulin resistance
  • Metabolic health

Sources & references

  1. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1). doi:10.2337/dc26-S002. View source
  2. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 6. Glycemic Goals, Hypoglycemia, and Hyperglycemic Crises: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1):S132–S149. doi:10.2337/dc26-S006. View source
  3. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1):S150–S165. doi:10.2337/dc26-S007. View source
  4. Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, et al. Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the American Thyroid Association Task Force on Thyroid Hormone Replacement. Thyroid. 2014;24(12):1670–1751. doi:10.1089/thy.2014.0028. View source
  5. Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, et al. 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid. 2016;26(10):1343–1421. doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0229. View source
  6. Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2016;26(1):1–133. doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0020. View source
  7. Eastell R, Rosen CJ, Black DM, Cheung AM, Murad MH, Shoback D. Pharmacological management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104(5):1595–1622. doi:10.1210/jc.2019-00221. View source
  8. LeBoff MS, Greenspan SL, Insogna KL, et al. The clinician's guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2022;33(10):2049–2102. doi:10.1007/s00198-021-05900-y. View source
  9. Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Silverberg SJ, et al. Evaluation and management of primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement and guidelines from the Fifth International Workshop. J Bone Miner Res. 2022;37(11):2293–2314. doi:10.1002/jbmr.4677. View source
  10. Fassnacht M, Tsagarakis S, Terzolo M, et al. European Society of Endocrinology clinical practice guidelines on the management of adrenal incidentalomas, in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors. Eur J Endocrinol. 2023;189(1):G1–G42. doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvad066. View source
  11. Adler GK, Stowasser M, Correa RR, et al. Primary aldosteronism: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2025. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf284. View source
  12. Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(2):273–288. doi:10.1210/jc.2010-1692. View source
  13. Teede HJ, Tay CT, Laven JJE, et al. Recommendations from the 2023 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;108(10):2447–2469. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad463. View source
  14. Bhasin S, Brito JP, Cunningham GR, et al. Testosterone therapy in men with hypogonadism: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(5):1715–1744. doi:10.1210/jc.2018-00229. View source

Guidelines are updated over time. Links point to the publisher or DOI record; always check for the newest version.

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